The Favored One Whom the Lord Indwelt

Sam Shamoun
Sam Shamoun

Table of Contents

In Luke’s Gospel, the angel Gabriel comes to the blessed Virgin to announce that she will conceive by the Holy Spirit and give birth to the Lord who will sit enthroned on David’s throne in order to rule as King forever: 

“Now in the sixth month, the angel Gabriel was sent from God to a city of Galilee named Nazareth, to a virgin pledged to be married to a man whose name was Joseph, of David’s house. The virgin’s name was Mary. Having come in, the angel said to her, ‘Rejoice, (Chaire) you highly favored one (kecharitomene)! The Lord is with you (ho Kyrios meta sou). Blessed are you among women!’ 

“But when she saw him, she was greatly troubled at the saying, and considered what kind of salutation this might be. The angel said to her, ‘Don’t be afraid, Mary, for you have found favor with God. Behold, you will conceive in your womb and give birth to a son, and shall name him “Jesus.” He will be great and will be called the Son of the Most High. The Lord God will give him the throne of his father David, and he will reign over the house of Jacob forever. There will be no end to his Kingdom.’ 

“Mary said to the angel, ‘How can this be, seeing I am a virgin?’ The angel answered her, ‘The Holy Spirit will come on you, and the power of the Most High will overshadow you. Therefore also the holy one who is born from you will be called the Son of God. Behold, Elizabeth your relative also has conceived a son in her old age; and this is the sixth month with her who was called barren. For nothing spoken by God is impossible’ Mary said, ‘Behold, the servant of the Lord; let it be done to me according to your word.’” Luke 1:26-38

Here we see that it was neither the Father nor the Holy Spirit who became flesh from the holy Mother, but rather the Son of God. 

What makes Gabriel’s greeting rather interesting is that the Greek version of the Hebrew Bible, typically referred to as the Septuagint (Latin for “Seventy” [LXX]), employs the phrase in contexts where the Lord, the King of Israel, promises to live in the midst of his people:   

Rejoice (Chaire), O daughter of Sion; cry aloud, O daughter of Jerusalem; rejoice and delight thyself with all thine heart, O daughter of Jerusalem. The Lord has taken away thine iniquities, he has ransomed thee from the hand of thine enemies: the Lord, the King of Israel, is in the midst of thee (en meso sou): thou shalt not see evil any more. At that time the Lord shall say to Jerusalem, Be of good courage, Sion; let not thine hands be slack. The Lord thy God is in thee (en soi); the Mighty One shall save thee: he shall bring joy upon thee, and shall refresh thee with his love; and he shall rejoice over thee with delight as in a day of feasting.” Zephaniah 3:14-17 LXX 

In the case of Mary, not only did the Lord come to dwell with her, he actually came to dwell in her physically in order to become flesh of her flesh and bone from her bones!

In other words, the blessed Mother literally and physically had the Lord God living inside her! 

No wonder both Elizabeth and john in her womb broke out with excitement and exuberant joy as they were both filled with the Holy Spirit, upon seeing the holy Mother:

“An angel of the Lord appeared to him, standing on the right side of the altar of incense. Zacharias was troubled when he saw him, and fear fell upon him. But the angel said to him, ‘Don’t be afraid, Zacharias, because your request has been heard. Your wife, Elizabeth, will bear you a son, and you shall call his name John. You will have joy and gladness, and many will rejoice at his birth. For he will be great in the sight of the Lord, and he will drink no wine nor strong drink. He will be filled with the Holy Spirit, even from his mother’s womb. He will turn many of the children of Israel to the Lord their God. He will go before him in the spirit and power of Elijah, ‘to turn the hearts of the fathers to the children,’ and the disobedient to the wisdom of the just; to prepare a people prepared for the Lord.’ Zacharias said to the angel, ‘How can I be sure of this? For I am an old man, and my wife is well advanced in years.’ The angel answered him, ‘I am Gabriel, who stands in the presence of God. I was sent to speak to you and to bring you this good news.’” Luke 1:11-19

“Then the angel departed from her. Mary arose in those days and went into the hill country with haste, into a city of Judah, and entered into the house of Zacharias and greeted Elizabeth. When Elizabeth heard Mary’s greeting, the baby leaped in her womb; and Elizabeth was filled with the Holy Spirit. She called out with a loud voice and said, ‘Blessed are you among women, and blessed is the fruit of your womb! Why am I so favored, that the mother of my Lord should come to me? For behold, when the voice of your greeting came into my ears, the baby leaped in my womb for joy! Blessed is she who believed, for there will be a fulfillment of the things which have been spoken to her from the Lord!’” Luke 1:39-45

“In the same region there were some shepherds staying out in the fields and keeping watch over their flock by night. And an angel of the Lord stood before them, and the glory of the Lord shone around them; and they were terribly frightened. But the angel said to them, ‘Do not be afraid; for behold, I bring you good news of great joy which will be for all the people. For today in the city of David there has been born for you a Savior, who is Christ the Lord. And this will be the sign for you: you will find a baby wrapped in cloths and lying in a manger.’ And suddenly there appeared with the angel a multitude of the heavenly host praising God and saying, ‘Glory to God in the highest, And on earth peace among men with whom He is pleased.’ And it happened that when the angels had gone away from them into heaven, the shepherds began saying to one another, ‘Let us go to Bethlehem then, and see this thing that has happened which the Lord has made known to us.’” Luke 2:8-15  

As Elizabeth herself confessed, the reason they did so is because Mary had just conceived their very Lord and Savior in her consecrated and purified womb. 

Interestingly, there are two other cases where chaire is used which directly relate to the Lord Jesus Christ:

Rejoice (Chaire) greatly, O daughter of Sion; proclaim [it] aloud, O daughter of Jerusalem; behold, the King is coming to thee, just, and a Saviour; he is meek and riding on an ass, and a young foal.” Zechariah 9:9 LXX 

Both Jewish tradition and the NT interpret this is a prophecy to be fulfilled by the Messiah, which is what Jesus did during the last week of his earthly ministry:

“When they came near to Jerusalem and came to Bethsphage, to the Mount of Olives, then Jesus sent two disciples, saying to them, ‘Go into the village that is opposite you, and immediately you will find a donkey tied, and a colt with her. Untie them and bring them to me. If anyone says anything to you, you shall say, “The Lord needs them,’ and immediately he will send them.” All this was done that it might be fulfilled which was spoken through the prophet, saying, ‘Tell the daughter of Zion, behold, your King comes to you, humble, and riding on a donkey, on a colt, the foal of a donkey.’” Matthew 21:1-5 

“On the next day a great multitude had come to the feast. When they heard that Jesus was coming to Jerusalem, they took the branches of the palm trees and went out to meet him, and cried out, ‘Hosanna! Blessed is he who comes in the name of the Lord, the King of Israel!’ Jesus, having found a young donkey, sat on it. As it is written, ‘Don’t be afraid, daughter of Zion. Behold, your King comes, sitting on a donkey’s colt.’ His disciples didn’t understand these things at first, but when Jesus was glorified, then they remembered that these things were written about him, and that they had done these things to him.” John 12:12-16  

Behold! Your king shall come to you. It is impossible to interpret this except as referring to the King Messiah, as it is stated: “and his rule shall be from sea to sea.” We do not find that Israel had such a ruler during the days of the Second Temple. (The Complete Jewish Bible With Rashi Commentary: https://www.chabad.org/library/bible_cdo/aid/16213/showrashi/true#v9; emphasis mine)

This next one is even more remarkable:

“Be of good courage, O land; rejoice (Chaire) and be glad: for the Lord has done great things… And ye shall know that I am in the midst (en meso) of Israel, and [that] I am the Lord your God, and [that] there is none else beside me; and my people shall no more be ashamed for ever. And it shall come to pass afterward, that I will pour out of my Spirit upon all flesh; and your sons and your daughters shall prophesy, and your old men shall dream dreams, and your young men shall see visions. And on my servants and on [my] handmaids in those days will I pour out of my Spirit. And I will shew wonders in heaven, and upon the earth, blood, and fire, and vapor of smoke. The sun shall be turned into darkness, and the moon into blood, before the great and glorious day of the Lord come. And it shall come to pass [that] whosoever shall call on the name of the Lord shall be saved: for in mount Sion and in Jerusalem shall the saved one be as the Lord has said, and they that have glad tidings preached to them, whom the Lord has called.” Joel 2:21, 27; 3:1-5 LXX 

The Apostle Peter quoted Joel’s prophecy to explain the Spirit being sent to fill him and the rest of Jesus’ disciples, and no one else:

“For these aren’t drunken, as you suppose, seeing it is only the third hour of the day. But this is what has been spoken through the prophet Joel: ‘It will be in the last days, says God, that I will pour out my Spirit on all flesh. Your sons and your daughters will prophesy. Your young men will see visions. Your old men will dream dreams. Yes, and on my servants and on my handmaidens in those days, I will pour out my Spirit, and they will prophesy. I will show wonders in the sky above, and signs on the earth beneath: blood, and fire, and billows of smoke. The sun will be turned into darkness, and the moon into blood, before the great and glorious day of the Lord comes. It will be that whoever will call on the name of the Lord will be saved.’” Acts 2:15-21   

Peter points to this miraculous filling of the Holy Spirit as divine proof that God has raised Jesus in his physical flesh from the dead, where he now reigns in heaven as Lord over all:

"The word which he sent to the children of Israel, preaching good news of peace by Jesus Christ—he is Lord of all—you yourselves know what happened, which was proclaimed throughout all Judea, beginning from Galilee, after the baptism which John preached; how God anointed Jesus of Nazareth with the Holy Spirit and with power, who went about doing good and healing all who were oppressed by the devil, for God was with him. We are witnesses of everything he did both in the country of the Jews and in Jerusalem; whom they also killed, hanging him on a tree. God raised him up the third day and gave him to be revealed, not to all the people, but to witnesses who were chosen before by God, to us, who ate and drank with him after he rose from the dead. He commanded us to preach to the people and to testify that this is he who is appointed by God as the Judge of the living and the dead. All the prophets testify about him, that through his name everyone who believes in him will receive remission of sins.” Acts 10:36-43

The Apostle further shocks his audience by claiming that it is Jesus himself who poured out the Holy Spirit from the Father, and that the Jews had to now believe in Jesus’ name in order to be saved!

“‘Brothers, I may tell you freely of the patriarch David, that he both died and was buried, and his tomb is with us to this day. Therefore, being a prophet, and knowing that God had sworn with an oath to him that of the fruit of his body, according to the flesh, he would raise up the Christ to sit on his throne, he foreseeing this, spoke about the resurrection of the Christ, that his soul wasn’t left in Hades, and his flesh didn’t see decay. This Jesus God raised up, to which we all are witnesses. Being therefore exalted by the right hand of God, and having received from the Father the promise of the Holy Spirit, he has poured out this which you now see and hear.

“‘For David didn’t ascend into the heavens, but he says himself, “The Lord said to my Lord, ‘Sit by my right hand until I make your enemies a footstool for your feet. Let all the house of Israel therefore know certainly that God has made him both Lord and Christ, this Jesus whom you crucified.’”’

“Now when they heard this, they were cut to the heart, and said to Peter and the rest of the apostles, ‘Brothers, what shall we do?’ Peter said to them, ‘Repent and be baptized, every one of you, in the name of Jesus Christ for the forgiveness of sins, and you will receive the gift of the Holy Spirit. For the promise is to you and to your children, and to all who are far off, even as many as the Lord our God will call to himself.’” Acts 2:29-39 

Even Paul cited Joel 2:32 to show that the Lord whom all individuals had to call upon for salvation is none other than Jesus Christ:

“that if you will confess with your mouth that Jesus is Lord and believe in your heart that God raised him from the dead, you will be saved. For with the heart one believes resulting in righteousness; and with the mouth confession is made resulting in salvation. For the Scripture says, ‘Whoever believes in him will not be disappointed.’ For there is no distinction between Jew and Greek; for the same Lord is Lord of all, and is rich to all who call on him. For, ‘Whoever will call on the name of the Lord will be saved.’” Romans 10:9-13 

Moreover, the NT describes Jesus as the One who sends forth/pours out/breathes out the Holy Spirit from the Father upon all who turn to him:

 “As the people were in expectation, and all men reasoned in their hearts concerning John, whether perhaps he was the Christ, John answered them all, ‘I indeed baptize you with water, but he comes who is mightier than I, the strap of whose sandals I am not worthy to loosen. He will baptize you in the Holy Spirit and fire. His winnowing fan is in his hand, and he will thoroughly cleanse his threshing floor, and will gather the wheat into his barn; but he will burn up the chaff with unquenchable fire.’” Luke 3:15-17   

“‘Behold, I send out the promise of my Father on you. But wait in the city of Jerusalem until you are clothed with power from on high.’ He led them out as far as Bethany, and he lifted up his hands and blessed them. While he blessed them, he withdrew from them and was carried up into heaven. They worshiped him and returned to Jerusalem with great joy, and were continually in the temple, praising and blessing God. Amen.” Luke 24:49-53

“‘For John indeed baptized in water, but you will be baptized in the Holy Spirit not many days from now.’ Therefore, when they had come together, they asked him, ‘Lord, are you now restoring the kingdom to Israel?’ He said to them, ‘It isn’t for you to know times or seasons which the Father has set within his own authority. But you will receive power when the Holy Spirit has come upon you. You will be witnesses to me in Jerusalem, in all Judea and Samaria, and to the uttermost parts of the earth.’” Acts 1:5-8  

“On the next day, he saw Jesus coming to him and said, ‘Behold, the Lamb of God who takes away the sin of the world! This is He of whom I said, “After me comes a man who has been ahead of me, for He existed before me.” I did not know Him, but so that He might be manifested to Israel, I came baptizing with water.’ And John bore witness saying, “I have beheld the Spirit descending as a dove out of heaven, and He abided on Him. And I did not know Him, but He who sent me to baptize with water said to me, “The One upon whom you see the Spirit descending and abiding on Him, this is the One who baptizes with the Holy Spirit.” And I myself have seen, and have borne witness that this is the Son of God.’” John 1:29-34   

“When the Advocate comes, whom I will send to you from the Father, the Spirit of truth who proceeds from the Father, He will bear witness about Me,” John 15:26

“But I tell you the truth, it is to your advantage that I go away; for if I do not go away, the Advocate will not come to you; but if I go, I will send Him to you. And He, when He comes, will convict the world concerning sin and righteousness and judgment; concerning sin, because they do not believe in Me; and concerning righteousness, because I go to the Father and you no longer see Me; and concerning judgment, because the ruler of this world has been judged. I still have many more things to say to you, but you cannot bear them now. But when He, the Spirit of truth, comes, He will guide you into all the truth; for He will not speak from Himself, but whatever He hears, He will speak; and He will disclose to you what is to come. He will glorify Me, for He will take of Mine and will disclose it to you. All things that the Father has are Mine; therefore I said that He takes of Mine and will disclose it to you.” John 16:7-15

“So Jesus said to them again, ‘Peace be with you; as the Father has sent Me, I also send you.’ And when He had said this, He breathed on them and said to them, ‘Receive the Holy Spirit. If you forgive the sins of any, their sins have been forgiven them; if you retain the sins of any, they have been retained.’” John 20:21-23

Since these are all the functions, which the prophet Joel ascribes to YHWH, this means that Jesus is none other than YHWH God who became flesh!

Note the logic behind it.

  1. YHWH will pour out his Spirit upon everyone who calls upon his name for salvation.
  2. Jesus poured (and continues to pour out) the Holy Spirit upon everyone who confesses his name by calling him Lord.
  3. Jesus is, therefore, that YHWH God who both sends forth the Holy Spirit and who saves those who call on his name from their sins.
  4. Jesus, however, is not the Father or the Holy Spirit.
  5. This further shows that YHWH is not a singular Person, but is rather a singular, infinite, uncreated Being who eternally subsists in three eternally distinct, yet inseparable Persons.
  6. These Divine Persons are the Father, the Son (who later became Man from the hoy and blessed Virgin), and the Holy Spirit.

Therefore, the holy Mother personifies the promises of the OT, where the Lord God swore to come to dwell in the midst of and along with his people Israel. In Mary, the Lord God literally came to dwell in her in order to become a human being. And it was that very human nature, that very flesh body, which he took from his blessed Virgin Mother, which used to save the world:

“‘This is the bread which comes down out of heaven, that anyone may eat of it and not die. I am the living bread which came down out of heaven. If anyone eats of this bread, he will live forever. Yes, the bread which I will give for the life of the world is my flesh.’ The Jews therefore contended with one another, saying, ‘How can this man give us his flesh to eat?’ Jesus therefore said to them, ‘Most certainly I tell you, unless you eat the flesh of the Son of Man and drink his blood, you don’t have life in yourselves. He who eats my flesh and drinks my blood has eternal life, and I will raise him up at the last day. For my flesh is food indeed, and my blood is drink indeed.’” John 6:50-55 

“knowing that you were redeemed, not with corruptible things like silver or gold, from the useless way of life handed down from your fathers, but with precious blood, as of a lamb without blemish or spot, the blood of Christ,” 1 Peter 1:18-19

“For you were called to this, because Christ also suffered for us, leaving you an example, that you should follow his steps, who didn’t sin, ‘neither was deceit found in his mouth.’ When he was cursed, he didn’t curse back. When he suffered, he didn’t threaten, but committed himself to him who judges righteously. He himself bore our sins in his body on the tree, that we, having died to sins, might live to righteousness. You were healed by his wounds. For you were going astray like sheep; but now you have returned to the Shepherd and Overseer of your souls.” 1 Peter 2:21-25

Because Christ also suffered for sins once, the righteous for the unrighteous, that he might bring you to God, being put to death in the flesh, but made alive in the Spirit,” 1 Peter 3:18

Hail, Virgin Queen! The Lord is truly with Thee!

Further Reading

Mary: Israel Personified (https://answeringislam.blog/mary-israel-personified/)

Hail the One Filled with Grace! (https://answeringislam.blog/hail-the-one-filled-with-grace/)

Jesus Christ: The Living Bread From Heaven (https://answeringislam.blog/jesus-christ-the-living-bread-from-heaven/)

John 6 & the Holy Eucharist (https://answeringislam.blog/john-6-the-holy-eucharist/)

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