theology

Doctrinal studies addressing key themes in Christian belief through Scripture and sound exegesis.

AUGUSTINE ON THE CHURCH’S AUTHORITY Members Public

In the following extract Augustine shows how the Gospels’ reliability rests on the authority of the Catholic Church and to, therefore, attack the Church is to undermine the veracity of the Gospels themselves. Here is what he wrote in refuting of the claims of Manichaeus, the founder of Manicheism. All

Sam Shamoun
Sam Shamoun
churchchurch-historycatholic

A Coptic Convert Exposes Muhammad Pt. 5 Members Public

I come to the finale in this series: A Coptic Convert Exposes Muhammad Pt. 4. CONTRADICTIONS GALORE As I stated previously, Ibn Raja’s knowledge and mastery of the Islamic sources are simply amazing. This will be further confirmed here by his awareness of all the irreconcilable contradictions within the

Sam Shamoun
Sam Shamoun
islamchristianityorthodoxy

A Coptic Convert Exposes Muhammad Pt. 1 Members Public

Bulus Ibn Raja (nicknamed al-Wadih [“the Clarifier”]) was a Muslim convert to Christianity and became a Coptic monk. Ibn Raja, who born 950s and died after 1009 AD, wrote a scathing book exposing Muhammad and refuting Islam, titled Kitāb al-wāḍiḥ bi-l-ḥaqq (Arabic: كتاب الواضح بالحق), known in Latin as the

Sam Shamoun
Sam Shamoun
islamchristianityorthodoxy

CHRIST: THE GOD OF THE SEAS & WINDS Members Public

The Synoptic Gospels ascribe to Jesus some of the unique functions and characteristics, which the Hebrew Bible attributes to YHWH alone. For instance, the Synoptics describe Christ as subduing/trampling on the winds and seas in language that is reminiscent of the way the Greek version of the OT writings

Sam Shamoun
Sam Shamoun
jesus-christgospeltrinity

Daniel’s Son of Man: YHWH’s Angel? Pt. 3 Members Public

I continue from where I previously left off: Daniel’s Son of Man: YHWH’s Angel? Pt. 2. Before I proceed into disclosing the identity of the particular Angel of God that is not a created being and who, at the same time, is personally distinguished from God, I want

Sam Shamoun
Sam Shamoun
danielangelsmessiah

MORMON POLYTHEISM REVISITED Members Public

The following is taken from the monumental work titled The Incarnate Christ and His Critics: A Biblical Defense, authored by Robert M. Bowman Jr. & J. Ed Komoszewski, published by Kregel Academic, Grand Rapids, MI, 2024, Part 2: Like Father, Like Son: Jesus’ Divine Attributes, Chapter 9: Monotheism and the

Sam Shamoun
Sam Shamoun
christianitytheologytrinity

JOHN, JUDAISM & THE SECOND DEATH Members Public

John in Revelation speaks of the second death, which is the everlasting destruction that individuals experience after being cast into the lake fire: “He that hath an ear, let him hear what the Spirit saith unto the churches; He that overcometh shall not be hurt of the second death.” Revelation

Sam Shamoun
Sam Shamoun
revelationjudaismchristianity

Matt. 28:19 – Baptism In Whose Name? Members Public

Matthew 28:19 – Baptism In Whose Name? James E. Snapp Matthew 28:19-20a in Codex F, beside part of the chapter-list for Mark. “This is perhaps a case of late interpolation.” That was liberal scholar Rudolph Bultmann’s opinion of the words “in the name of the Father, and of

Sam Shamoun
Sam Shamoun
matthewbaptismtrinity
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