history
Historical analysis of religious developments, events, and theological movements relevant to apologetics.
Ishmael Is Not the Father Of Muhammad Revisited Paid Members Public
Sam Shamoun In my original paper, I set out to demonstrate that Ishmael was not the ancestor of Muhammad. I demonstrated that the biblical record does not agree with the Quran and Ahadith regarding Ishmael's alleged settlement in Mecca and purported marriage to a Jurhumite. I also demonstrated
Ishmael is not the Father of Muhammad Paid Members Public
Sam Shamoun According to the Holy Bible Ishmael settled in Paran and married an Egyptian from whom he had twelve sons: "Early the next morning Abraham took some food and a skin of water and gave them to Hagar. He set them on her shoulders and then sent her
The Composition of the Quran in Stages: How the Wives of Muhammad Helped Shape the Muslim Scripture Paid Members Public
The Composition of the Quran in Stages And How the Wives of Muhammad Helped Shape the Muslim Scripture Sam Shamoun The Quran asserts that it was given in stages over an unspecified period of time in order to facilitate better understanding of its message as well as to assist Muhammad
Abraham, Mecca and the Qibla: Revisiting the Incompleteness and Incoherence of the Quran Paid Members Public
Abraham, Mecca and the Qibla Revisiting the Incompleteness and Incoherence of the Quran Sam Shamoun The Questions This article is a continuation of our series of questions regarding the incompleteness and incoherence of the Quran. You can read our previous articles here: http://answering-islam.org/Shamoun/incomplete.htm http://answering-islam.
Surat Ar-Rum Revisited Paid Members Public
Sam Shamoun Previously, I had written an article documenting Muhammad's false prophecies. One of the failed prophecies which I highlighted was taken from S. 30:1-4. Here is the alleged prophecy in question: "The Roman Empire has been defeated - in a land close by: But they,
The New Testament Documents and the Historicity of the Resurrection Paid Members Public
Sam Shamoun The historicity of the resurrection is firmly rooted in the reliability of the New Testament documents. If it can be shown that the NT documents are unreliable, then the case for the resurrection goes out the window. If, however, it can be demonstrated that the NT documents are
Muhammad's Excessive Cruelty Paid Members Public
Sam Shamoun One of the most vile and cruel acts ever performed by Muhammad was his bloody torture and murder of the men of Ukl or Uraynah. According to Muslims sources, some men converted to Islam and traveled to Medina. Because of the climate in Medina, these men got sick
The Myth of Islamic Tolerance Paid Members Public
Addressing A Common Muslim Polemic Sam Shamoun Oftentimes, Muslims present specific Quranic citations in order to convince non-Muslims, especially Westerners, that Islam is a very tolerant religion that allows for or even promotes peaceful coexistence with other religious groups. The most famous citation, one that I am sure many Westerners