history
Historical analysis of religious developments, events, and theological movements relevant to apologetics.
Muhammad’s Marriage to a Prepubescent Minor Paid Members Public
A Quick Response to a Common Muslim Objection Sam Shamoun There are some internet dawagandists who quote the following English rendering of al-Bukhari in order to prove that Aisha was past the age of puberty when she married and had sex with Muhammad, who was approximately 54 years old at
Another Open Challenge to Muslims, Pt. 3 Paid Members Public
Examining the Modifications, Changes, Alterations and Editing of the Islamic Text Sam Shamoun We now come to the third and final part of our challenge (Part 1; Part 2). Additions and Deletions in the Quran In the present Quran we find the following verse, And the creation of the male
Another Open Challenge to Muslims, Pt. 2 Paid Members Public
Examining the Modifications, Changes, Alterations and Editing of the Islamic Text Sam Shamoun According to the so-called authentic Islamic reports there wasn’t one standard way of reciting the Quran, but multiple ways, which caused confusion even among Muhammad’s closest companions! Narrated by Umar bin Al Khattab: I heard
Another Open Challenge to Muslims Paid Members Public
The Anonymous Quran Sam Shamoun Liberal, critical scholarship pretty much accepts that the Canonical Gospels are all first century accounts. The following are the approximate dates that the consensus of liberal [N]ew [T]estament scholarship assign to these four NT Gospels: * Mark – 65-75 AD. * Matthew – 75-90 AD. * Luke-Acts – 80-95
The Seven Ahruf and Multiple Qiraat – A Quranic Perspective Paid Members Public
Sam Shamoun In this earlier article, we took a look at the assertion of some of the ahadith that the Quran was “revealed” to Muhammad in seven ahruf, and saw some of the major chaos and problems that this created for the Muslim community. We cited sources showing that the
The Epistle of 2 Peter Paid Members Public
A Thorough Look at the Scholarly Defenses of Petrine Authorship Pt. 2 Sam Shamoun We continue from where we left off by now quoting from Evangelical NT Scholar Donald Guthrie's New Testament Introduction, InterVarsity Press, Downers Grove IL., third edition (revised) in one volume December 1970, pp. 820-21,
Zaynab and Aisha in contradiction Paid Members Public
Muhammad's ‘divinely appointed’ marriage(s) Zaynab's and Aisha's contradictory accounts Sam Shamoun The Quran refers to Allah wedding Zaynab bint Jash, the divorcee of Muhammad’s adopted son Zaynab ibn Haritha, to Muhammad: And call to mind when thou didst say to him on
Muhammad, Zaid and Zaynab Revisited Paid Members Public
Examining the Circumstances Surrounding Muhammads Marriage to His Adopted Sons former Spouse Sam Shamoun Even though we have written quite extensively on the issue of Muhammads marriage to Zaynab bint Jash, the problem is that this information is scattered throughout several different papers. We have therefore decided to take some