history
Historical analysis of religious developments, events, and theological movements relevant to apologetics.
Muhammad’s Jewish Sex-Slave Paid Members Public
According to the Sunni traditions, Muhammad had at least two sex slaves that he did not marry, namely, a Christian Coptic girl named Mariyah and a Jewish concubine named Rayhanah. I have written at length about Mariyah so here I will focus on Rayhanah. Here is what a modern biography
Muhammad’s Bribing People to Be/Remain Muslims Paid Members Public
The Quran states that part of the money given in charity is to go towards enticing individuals to become Muslims. In other words, Allah sanctions Muslims to buy off or bribe non-Muslims to embrace Islam: As-Sadaqat (here it means Zakat) are only for the Fuqara’ (poor), and Al-Masakin (the poor)
Islam’s Adulterous She-Monkey Exposed Paid Members Public
The following post is taken from the now defunct Muslim website named Islamtoday.com. The site itself can still be accessed on the web archive: https://web.archive.org/web/20001028211320/http://islamtoday.com/Default.htm. Here is the original URL for the post: http://islamtoday.com/show_detail_section.
John of Hyrcanus Among the Prophets? Paid Members Public
Jewish historian Flavius Josephus writes about a high priest during the reign of Antiochus Epiphanes IV and the Maccabean period, named John Hyrcanus. The historian claims that Hyrcanus was given the gift of prophecy and that God spoke to him and enabled him to foretell future events. Here’s what
Gamaliel Cites Jesus? Paid Members Public
There is an interesting anecdote found in the Babylonian Talmud where the renowned rabbi Gamaliel, who was the son of another prominent rabbi named Hillel, quoted the words of our Lord Jesus Christ. Here’s the Talmudic extract: לְמָחָר הֲדַר עַיֵּיל לֵיהּ
Philo’s Logos Theology Paid Members Public
The following excerpt is taken from Michael F. Bird’s Jesus Among the Gods: Early Christology in the Greco-Roman World, published by Baylor University Press, Waco, TX in 2022], pp. 133-137. This is from section II. Jesus and Intermediary Figures, 4. Jesus and the “In-Betweeners”: Comparing Early Christologies and Intermediary
Pope Gregory VII, Muslims & God Paid Members Public
The following Latin text is taken from the epistles of Pope Gregory VII, specifically in his letter to the Muslim king Anzir, written in 1076 AD. The epistle can be found on pp. 450-452 by clicking on this link: (https://archive.org/details/patrologiaecurs02unkngoog/page/n228/mode/2up. In his
Talmud, Maimonides, Minors, Puberty & Sex Paid Members Public
I will be quoting from rabbinic sources in respect to the laws concerning sexual intercourse between various age groups, including minors as young as 3 years old, as well as the punishments incurred for illicit sexual acts. The readers will see firsthand that the rabbinic laws discriminate between Jews and