hadith
Critical examinations of hadith literature, transmission, contradictions, reliability, and theological implications in Islam.
To Read or Recite? That is the Question! Paid Members Public
Was Muhammad Really Illiterate? Sam Shamoun The vast majority of Muslims have been taught to believe that the historical Muhammad was illiterate and therefore incapable of producing the Quran. The problem with such a claim is that it flies in the face of the Quran which actually indicates that Muhammad
The Composition of the Quran in Stages: How the Wives of Muhammad Helped Shape the Muslim Scripture Paid Members Public
The Composition of the Quran in Stages And How the Wives of Muhammad Helped Shape the Muslim Scripture Sam Shamoun The Quran asserts that it was given in stages over an unspecified period of time in order to facilitate better understanding of its message as well as to assist Muhammad
Christianity and Islam : Papers by Sam Shamoun Paid Members Public
Papers by Sam Shamoun [ Note: This is Sam Shamoun's "old index page". His most recent articles are listed on this page. ] A Series of Answers to Common Questions and Claims * If Jesus is God ... how can God die? (Who was running the universe those three days
Abraham, Mecca and the Qibla: Revisiting the Incompleteness and Incoherence of the Quran Paid Members Public
Abraham, Mecca and the Qibla Revisiting the Incompleteness and Incoherence of the Quran Sam Shamoun The Questions This article is a continuation of our series of questions regarding the incompleteness and incoherence of the Quran. You can read our previous articles here: http://answering-islam.org/Shamoun/incomplete.htm http://answering-islam.
Islamic Scholarship on the Issue of Incest and Sodomy Paid Members Public
Dimitrius & Sam Shamoun There are certain teachings found within Islamic tradition and/or taught by Muslim scholars which are of a perverted nature. One such example would be those traditions which mention Muhammad permitting a young man to suckle on his adoptive mother's breast in order to
Allah's Imperfection and Mutability Paid Members Public
Sam Shamoun Perfection is a necessary attribute of God since it directly ties in with God being a self-sufficient entity. Perfection in reference to Deity refers to being complete in and of itself, lacking nothing and needing no one: "And let endurance have its perfect result, so that you
Muhammad and Idolatry Paid Members Public
Sam Shamoun A prominent feature of Islam is that most of its rites and practices were adopted from the pagan Arabian rituals of Muhammad's time. To hide their pagan origins, Muhammad claimed that God initially sanctioned these rites. In fact, before, during, and after his mission, Muhammad continued
Is Muhammad Superior to Angels? Paid Members Public
Sam Shamoun & Jochen Katz Muslims have traditionally taught that Muhammad was chosen above all the sons of Adam and that he is also better than the angels. One Muslim scholar attempts to use the Quran to demonstrate that Muhammad is superior even to angels: Ibn `Abbas (RA) said: "