church-history
Historical studies on the development of Christian doctrine, early church writings, councils, and controversies.
Questions regarding the authenticity and implications of the baptismal formula in Matthew 28:19 Paid Members Public
A Series of Answers to Common Questions Sam Shamoun Question: Many Christians quote Matthew 28:19 to show that Jesus taught that God is a Trinity. Yet this Trinitarian Baptismal formula cannot be found in any MS of the Gospel of Matthew until the fourth century. Doesnt this therefore prove
Did God want Christ's followers to be called Christians? Paid Members Public
A Series of Answers to Common Questions Sam Shamoun Question: The terms Islam and Muslims are found all throughout the Quran (cf. 2:130-133; 3:19-20, 67, 84-85; 5:3; 22:78), indicating that these are revealed names from God unlike the terms Christianity and Christian(s). These words are
Origen's Christology: A Response to the Cults Paid Members Public
Sam Shamoun It is common for heretics and apostates like Jehovah's Witnesses and Muslims to misquote the early Church Fathers and to read their own post-biblical and heretical views back into the Patristic writings. One such Father that is often misquoted is Origen. Heretics and apostates often misquote
The Apostles of Christ: Messengers of God or Mere Disciples? Paid Members Public
Sam Shamoun According to certain Muslim expositors, there is a story in the Quran that affirms that Jesus' disciples functioned as God's messengers. Here is the story in question, which will be followed with comments from some of Islam's best-known commentators and historians: Set forth
Eusebius and the Trinitarian Baptismal Formula: Exposing Jamal Badawis Desperate Tirade Against the Trinity Paid Members Public
Eusebius and the Trinitarian Baptismal Formula Exposing Jamal Badawis Desperate Tirade Against the Trinity Sam Shamoun In two previous articles (1, 2) we saw how Dr. Badawi used material from anti-Trinitarian cult leaders, such as the late Victor Paul Wierwille the founder of the Way International, in his debates against